Juvenile plants are very common and adults common, usually tightly appressed high in trees, but occasionally loosely attached in trees at the margin of the lake. Flowering season uncertain. Since individuals continue to produce inflorescences, a plant may bear a flowering inflorescence at a time when its first inflorescences carry nearly mature fruit. Most flowering, however, appears to begin with the rainy season, and most fruits are mature between August and October. A second and apparently smaller flowering season is in the early dry season, with fruits maturing during March and April. Distinguished from most Monstera inPanama by its warty stems and petioles, its short peduncles, and its short blunt spathe. Kenoyer 183 was cited in the Flora of Panama as M. deliclosa Liebm.; the specimen is sterile but is surely M. dubia. This species was reported as M. pertusa (L.) DeVr. by Standley, but that name cannot be used, since it is a later homonym of M. pertusa (Roxb.) Schott, an Indian species. Southern Costa Rica to Bolivia and western Brazil, and eastward along the Caribbean to Trinidad. In Panama, known from tropical moist forest chiefly on the Atlantic slope, but also on the Pacific slope in Chiriqui. See Figs. 100, 101, and 102.