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Family: Myrtaceae
guayabo cimarrón, more...guayabo de agua, guayabo de montaña
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Arbustos o árboles hasta 8 m; brotes jovenes y flores diminutamente puberulentos, glabrescentes con la edad; tricomas hasta 0.2 mm, blanquecinos a pardo rojizos, principalmente adpresos. Ramitas jóvenes 4-angulares a casi 4-angulares con 4 alas, pardo rojizas, perdiendo las alas en c. 1 año. Hojas elípticas o elíptico-oblongas, las láminas 3-15 × 1.7-6 cm, 1.7-2.9 veces más largas que anchas, subcoriáceas a coriáceas, pardo rojizas oscuro a verde gris oscuro, casi concoloras, el haz frecuentemente matizada con máculas blanquecinas después de seca, con frecuenecia ligeramente brillante; vena media impresa en el haz, marcada en el envés; nervaduras laterales 10-20 más o menos pares inconspicuos, separándose de la vena media en un ángulo de c. 60°, ligeramente elevada en el haz en las hojas maduras, alternando con nervaduras secundarias menos conspicuas ramificadas que parten de la nervadura marginal; nervaduras marginales arqueándose ampliamente entre las laterales, casi igualándolas en prominencia; base acuminada, cuneada o redondeada; ápice agudo o acuminado; pecíolos 4-6 × c. 1-1.5 mm, acanalados. Inflorescencias con los pedúnculos 0.7-1.6(-3.3) × 1-1.5 cm, (-3 mm en el fruto), diminutamente puberulentos, más tarde glabrescentes, comprimidos al principio, subteretes cuando fructifican; botones 10-20 mm, subglobosos a piriformes, el ápice apiculado; bractéolas c. 1 mm, deciduas antes de la antesis, angostamente triangulares. Flores con el cáliz 6-8 mm, cerrado en el botón, partiéndose irregularmente en 2 o 3 partes en la antesis, persistiendo o no, glabro abaxialmente; pétalos c. 12 mm, elípticos; hipanto 4-5 mm, obcónico a subelipsoidal; disco 6-9 mm de ancho, puberulento al principio; estambres 320-800, 10-15 mm, las anteras 1-2 mm, con hasta 13 glándulas en el tejido conectivo; estilo 10-15 mm, el estigma 1-1.5 mm de ancho; ovario 4-5-locular; óvulos aprox. 70-80 por lóculo. Frutos hasta 10 × 10 cm, globosos a piriformes; semillas c. 100, 4-8 mm, con escueta en forma de "C", ligeramente angulares. Bosques; cultivada. T (Becerra s.n., MEXU); Ch (Matuda 18732, ASU); G (Heyde y Lux 2984, MO); H (Yuncker 4774, MO); ES (Calderón 1105, NY); N (Nelson et al. 6788, TEFH); CR (Gómez 24140, ASU); P (Croat 16584, MO). 30-1000 m. (Mesoamérica, Colombia.) Description: A small tree usually with a straight and cylindrical trunk, often branching near the ground. The brown bark peels off in thin sheets, revealing smooth gray inner bark. Leaves are simple and opposite. Reproduction: Flowers are large and white, with many stamen, produced singly along the branches from June to August. Fruits are large and spherical, with a swollen end where the flower was, green than maturing yellow from August to November. Inside is soft pulp with many small seeds embedded. Distribution: Very rare, indeed only known from our plots at Barro Colorado Island. Similar Species: Resembles the cultivated LK psidgu guava, Psidium guajava, LK2 closely, but the latter has pubescence on the leaves and more prominent secondary veins. LK tripcu Triplaris cumingiana LK2 and LK termob Terminalia oblonga LK2 have trunks like Psidium, with smooth peeling bark, but both have alternate leaves. Uses: The fruit is just like the guava, and is edible. Descripción: Árbol de 5 a 10 m de alto. Copa pequeña y dispersa. Tronco recto y cilíndrico, ramificado a baja altura. Corteza exterior marrón, exfoliante en láminas quedando lisa y de color blanco. Ramitas terminales cuadrangulares. Hojas simples y opuestas, de 4-12 x 3-5 cm, elípticas, con ápice acuminado, bordes enteros a ondulados y base obtusa o redondeada. Pecíolo de 0.3-0.6 cm de largo, ligeramente acanalado en la parte superior. Flores blancas y con muchos estambres. Frutos en bayas globosas, de 3-6 cm de largo, verdes y con una estructura en forma de corona en la punta, tornándose amarillos al madurar. Semillas envueltas en una pulpa blanca. Datos Ecológicos: La especie crece a bajas elevaciones, en lugares húmedos. En Panamá se encuentra en las provincias de Bocas del Toro, Chiriquí y Panamá. Florece y fructifica de junio a febrero. Las flores son visitadas por abejas y otros insectos. Las semillas son dispersadas por animales. Especies Parecidas: A menudo se confunde con LK psidgu Psidium guajava LK2 , pero en P. guajava las hojas son de mayor tamaño y tienen las nervaduras bulladas, lo cual no ocurre en P. friedrichsthalianum . LK tripcu Triplaris cumingiana LK2 y LK termob Terminalia oblonga LK2 son árboles de mayor tamaño y con troncos muy parecidos, pero tienen hojas alternas. Usos: La madera es empleada en construcciones pesadas, puentes, pisos y postes de cercas. El fruto es comestible. Guayabo de agua, Wild guavo Small tree, nearly glabrous, to 9 (12) m tall; bark thin, reddish-brown, peeling in thin strips (similar to P. guajava); wood hard, fine-grained; branchlets with 4 thin narrow ribs, appearing square; young stems and petioles sometimes bearing fine, sparse pubescence. Leaves opposite or nearly so; petioles 3-6 mm long; blades oblong or elliptic, acuminate, obtuse to rounded at base, 4-12 cm long, 2.5-5 cm wide; major lateral veins in ca 8 pairs, faint above and prominulous below. Cymes axillary, of 1-3 flowers; peduncles 1-2.5 cm long; calyx closed and globose in bud with a short apiculum, 2- or 3-lobed when open, sometimes persisting in fruit, stiff, concave inside, ca 1 cm long; petals 5, orbicular, 1-1.5 cm long, white; stamens numerous; anthers oblong, dorsifixed, dehiscing longitudinally; ovary glabrous; stigma peltate. Berries +/- globose, 3-6 cm diam, green to yellowish at maturity, white inside, with a tart, acidlike taste; seeds many, irregularly obovoid or reniform, 6-8 mm long, tan. Croat 16584. Apparently uncommon as an adult, known only from the forest near Wheeler Trail 1300; seedlings common in some areas of the forest above the escarpment south of the Big Trees on Armour Trail. Probably flowering and fruiting all year. Mexico to Panama. In Panama, known from tropical moist forest in the Canal Zone, Bocas del Toro, Chiriqui, and Panama. See Fig. 425. Bocas Species Database Distribution: This tree is native from tropical America and is usually found in home gardens. Costa Rica is the country where this guava is most extensively grown. Natural History Notes: The Costa Rican guava is part of the diet in the tropics, but its commercial development is fairly limited. The Costa Rica guava is similar to the common guava but it has a more acidic taste and seems to be a little less tolerant to climate differences. Because of its more acidic taste, this guava is not consumed freshly picked but is rather usually used in preserves, jellies and jams. In Costa Rica, the juice of the very well ripened fruits is used to make refreshments. Characteristics: Cas is a small tree of about 7-10 m high with smooth branches that are often present near the ground. The brown bark peels off in thin sheets, revealing a smooth gray inner bark. The leaves are simple, smooth, opposite and with an oval shape. The flowers are produced form June to August and they are found singly along the branches. The flower is large and white. The fruit has a rounded shape, except for the swollen part at one end of the fruit, which indicates where the flower was. The unripe fruit is green, becoming yellow as it matures. The inside of the fruit is composed of a soft light green pulp with many small seeds embedded. |