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Family: Olacaceae
chorola, more...consuelo, sombrerito
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Description: A medium-sized forest tree with a straight and cylindrical trunk. Branches are long and hang downward, sometimes appearing like lianas. Leaves are simple, alternate, fairly large, shiny green and smooth above, and arranged regularly along branches. The petioles curve upward sharply and conspicuously, and are swollen toward their apex, narrower at the base. Broken leaves produce a small amount of white latex. Reproduction: Flowers are very small, in stalkless clusters at the base of leaves, and mature from November to January. Fruits are spherical and turn whitish when mature, with a circular reddish bracht at the base (a remnant of the flowers); because of the red base, they are often mistaken for flowers. Together the small white berry and reddish base look like a little hat. Fruits mature during the dry season and are taken by a variety of birds and mammals. Distribution: A widespread species, abundant in secondary forests from Panama City to Soberania, less so but still very common in old forest at Barro Colorado. Still common in places around Sherman and even along the upper Chagres, but absent in montane and Santa Rita ridge plots. Always common as a sapling and one of the most regularly encountered species in much of the Canal area. Restricted to forest, not known in open areas or towns. Similar Species: The sharp upward curve in the petioles is very distinctive, and the way branches hang downward is also a good character. The congener, LK heisac H acuminata, LK2 is less marked in these features -- the petiole is less curved, and the branches do not hang so conspicuously. H. acuminata also has much smaller leaves. Both species have the same odd, hat-like fruits. Descripción: Árbol de 5 a 20 m de alto. Tronco con la corteza exterior negra y lenticelada. Ramitas terminales cilíndricas y de color verde, usualmente arqueadas en las puntas y cuelgan en el árbol. El desprendimiento de cualquier parte de la planta produce el flujo de una savia lechosa, la cual fluye en pequeña cantidad. Hojas simples y alternas, de 10-20 x 3-12 cm, ovadas, con ápice acuminado, bordes enteros y base obtusa a redondeada. Las hojas son coriáceas y de color verde lustroso. Pecíolo de 1-1.6 cm de largo, arqueado y delgado en la base e hinchado en el ápice. Flores agrupadas en fascículos a lo largo de las ramitas. Frutos en drupas, de 1-1.5 cm de largo, verdes, tornándose blancos y rodeados en la base por los lóbulos rojos del cáliz. Datos Ecológicos: La especie crece a bajas elevaciones, en bosques húmedos o muy húmedos. En Panamá se encuentra en las provincias de Chiriquí, Colón, Darién, Herrera, Panamá, Veraguas y la comarca de Guna Yala. Común y fácil de observar en los bosques del Canal de Panamá. Florece y fructifica entre noviembre y abril. Las flores son visitadas por insectos. Las semillas son dispersadas por animales, principalmente tucanes y pavas que se alimentan de los frutos maduros. Especies Parecidas: A menudo se confunde con LK heisac Heisteria acuminata LK2 , pero H. acuminata tiene hojas más pequeñas y los pecíolos son menos arqueados e hinchados en el ápice. Usos: La madera es empleada para fabricar mangos de herramientas, carrocerías y pisos industriales. Glabrous tree, to 20 m tall, to ca 30 cm dbh; outer bark thin, minutely fissured (often bumpy below), peeling off easily after slash; inner bark +/- thin, granular, its outer surface reddish with irregular green strips; sap with a foul, pungent odor. Leaves shiny; petioles 9-16 mm long; blades ovate, acuminate, obtuse at base, 10-15 (23) cm long, 3.5-8 (14.5) cm wide, coriaceous, the primary lateral veins not conspicuous, scarcely lighter than the surrounding tissue. Flowers greenish-white, ca 2 mm long; pedicels ca 5 mm long, clustered in axillary fascicles, 8-12 mm long in fruit; calyx shallow, accrescent in fruit, the lobes 5, acute; petals 5, valvate, floccose within, boat-shaped; stamens 10; anthers 0.2-0.3 mm long and wide; ovary oblate-spheroid. Fruiting calyces conspicuously 5-lobed, shorter than drupe, ca 2 cm broad, red; drupes +/- globose (or broadly ellipsoid), 10-15 mm diam, white at maturity. Croat 12559, Foster 1491. Common in the forest. Flowers more than once per season, apparently mostly in the late rainy season November and probably earlier as well), with the fruits developing from January to April. A second flowering may occur in the early rainy season, but it is apparently smaller; the fruits of the second flowering have been seen mature in October and November. |
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